Itekhnoloji |Ziziphi izinto ezihambelana neePropati zePolyurethane Flexible Foam

Kutheni kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-polyurethane foams eziguquguqukayo kunye nezicelo ezininzi?Oku kubangelwa iindidi zemveliso yezinto eziluhlaza, ukwenzela ukuba iipropati ze-flexible polyurethane foams ezenziwe nazo zihluke.Emva koko, izinto ezisetyenziswayo ezisetyenziselwa ukuguquguquka kwe-polyurethane foams Injani impembelelo yendalo yemveliso egqityiweyo?

1. Polyether polyol

Njengowona mthombo uphambili wokuvelisa i-polyurethane foam eguquguqukayo, i-polyether polyol iphendula kunye ne-isocyanate ukuze yenze i-urethane, eyi-skeleton reaction yemveliso yogwebu.Ukuba inani le-polyether polyol linyukile, inani lezinye izinto eziluhlaza (isocyanate, amanzi kunye ne-catalyst, njl.) liyancitshiswa, ekulula ukubangela ukuqhekeka okanye ukuwa kweemveliso ze-foam eziguquguqukayo ze-polyurethane.Ukuba inani le-polyether polyol liyancitshiswa, imveliso ye-polyurethane eguquguqukayo ye-foam iya kuba nzima kwaye i-elasticity iya kuncitshiswa, kwaye ukuvakalelwa kwesandla kuya kuba kubi.

2. Iarhente yogwebu

Ngokubanzi, ngamanzi kuphela (ikhemikhali egwebu amagwebu) asetyenziswa njengesixhobo sogwebu xa kusenziwa iibhloko ze-polyurethane ezinoxinano olukhulu kune-21g/cm3, kunye namanqaku aphantsi abilayo afana ne-methylene chloride (MC) asetyenziswa kwi-low-density formulations okanye i-ultra. -ukwenziwa kwezinto ezithambileyo.Iikhompawundi (ii-arhente zokuvuthela ngokwasemzimbeni) zisebenza njengee-arhente ezincedisayo zokuvuthela.

Njenge-agent evuthelayo, amanzi aphendula nge-isocyanate ukuze enze iibhondi ze-urea kwaye akhulule inani elikhulu le-CO2 kunye nobushushu.Oku kusabela kukwandiswa kwetsheyini.Okukhona amanzi amaninzi, kokukhona asezantsi ukuxinana kwamagwebu kwaye komelela ngakumbi.Ngelo xesha, iintsika zeseli ziba zincinci kwaye zibuthathaka, ezinciphisa amandla okuthwala, kwaye zilungele ukuwa kunye nokuqhekeka.Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa kwe-isocyanate kwanda, kwaye ukukhululwa kobushushu kuyanda.Kulula ukubangela ukutshisa okungundoqo.Ukuba ubungakanani bamanzi budlula iinxalenye ze-5.0, i-agent ekhupha amagwebu kufuneka yongezwe ukuze ifunxe inxalenye yobushushu kwaye igweme ukutshisa okungundoqo.Xa umthamo wamanzi uncitshisiwe, inani le-catalyst liyancitshiswa ngokuhambelanayo, kodwa ubuninzi be-foam eguquguqukayo ye-polyurethane iyanda.

umfanekiso

I-agent encedisayo yokuvuthela iya kunciphisa ubuninzi kunye nokuqina kwe-polyurethane foam eguquguqukayo.Ekubeni i-agent encedisayo yokuvuthela ithatha inxalenye yobushushu bokuphendula ngexesha le-gasification, izinga lokunyanga liyancipha, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukunyusa ngokufanelekileyo inani le-catalyst;ngelo xesha, ngenxa yokuba i-gasification ithatha inxalenye yobushushu, ingozi yokutshisa i-core iyagwenywa.

3. I-Toluene diisocyanate

I-Polyurethane igwebu eliguquguqukayo ngokubanzi likhetha i-T80, oko kukuthi, umxube wee-isomer ezimbini ze-2,4-TDI kunye ne-2,6-TDI ezinomlinganiselo we (80±2)% kunye (20±2)%.

Xa isalathisi se-isocyanate siphezulu kakhulu, umphezulu uya kubambelela ixesha elide, i-modulus yoxinzelelo lomzimba we-foam iya kwanda, isakhiwo senethiwekhi ye-foam siya kuba rhabaxa, iseli evaliweyo iya kwanda, izinga lokubuyiswa liyancipha, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha. imveliso iya kuqhekeka.

Ukuba isalathisi se-isocyanate siphantsi kakhulu, amandla omatshini kunye nokuqina kwe-foam kuya kuncitshiswa, ukwenzela ukuba i-foam ilungele ukuqhekeka okulungileyo, okuya kuthi ekugqibeleni kubangele ingxaki yokuphindaphinda kakubi kwenkqubo ye-foam;Ukongeza, ukuba isalathisi se-isocyanate siphantsi kakhulu, siya kwenza ukuba iseti yoxinzelelo lwe-polyurethane foam ibe nkulu, kwaye umphezulu we-foam uvame ukuziva umanzi.

4. I-Catalyst

1. I-tertiary amine catalyst: I-A33 (isisombululo se-triethylenediamine esineqhekeza elikhulu le-33%) isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kwaye umsebenzi wayo kukukhuthaza ukusabela kwe-isocyanate kunye namanzi, ukulungelelanisa ubuninzi be-foam kunye nesantya sokuvula i-bubble, njl. ., ikakhulu ukukhuthaza ukusabela kogwebu.

Ukuba ubungakanani be-amine catalyst ephezulu kakhulu, iya kubangela ukuba iimveliso ze-polyurethane foam zihlukane, kwaye kuya kubakho iipores okanye iibhubhu kwi-foam;ukuba isixa se-amine catalyst sincinci kakhulu, i-foam ye-polyurethane enesiphumo iya kuncipha, iiseli ezivaliweyo, kwaye ziya kwenza imveliso ye-foam isezantsi kakhulu.

2. I-Organometallic catalyst: i-T-9 isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njenge-organotin octoate catalyst;I-T-9 yi-gel reaction catalyst enomsebenzi ophezulu we-catalytic, kwaye umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukukhuthaza ukuphendula kwejeli, oko kukuthi, ukusabela kamva.

Ukuba inani le-organotin catalyst linyuswe ngokufanelekileyo, i-foam evulekileyo ye-polyurethane foam inokufumaneka.Ukunyusa ukunyusa umthamo we-organotin catalyst kuya kwenza i-foam ibe nzima ngokuthe ngcembe, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni kunye neeseli ezivaliweyo.

Ukunciphisa inani le-amine catalyst ephezulu okanye ukwandisa inani le-organotin catalyst kunokunyusa amandla odonga lwefilimu ye-polymer bubble xa kuveliswa isixa esikhulu segesi, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe isenzeko sokugoba okanye ukuqhekeka.

Ingaba i-polyurethane foam ine-cell open-cell okanye i-closed-cell structure ikakhulu ixhomekeke ekubeni isantya sokuphendula i-gel kunye nesantya sokwandiswa kwegesi silungelelaniswa ngexesha lokubunjwa kwe-polyurethane foam.Le bhalansi inokufezekiswa ngokulungelelanisa uhlobo kunye nobungakanani be-tertiary amine catalyst catalysis kunye nokuzinzisa kwe-foam kunye nezinye ii-agent ezincedisayo ekuqulunqweni.

Isibhengezo:Inqaku licatshulwe kulohttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/JYKOaDmRNAXZEr1mO5rrPQ (ikhonkco liqhotyoshelwe).Kuphela ukunxibelelana kunye nokufunda, ungenzi ezinye iinjongo zorhwebo, ayimeli iimbono kunye nezimvo zenkampani, ukuba ufuna ukuphinda uprinte, nceda uqhagamshelane nombhali wokuqala, ukuba kukho ukuphulwa, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi ngokukhawuleza ukwenza ukucima ukusetyenzwa.